The Vedic writings are again divided into two great divisions, exoteric and esoteric, the former called the karma-kanda (the section of works) and the latter the jnana-kanda (section of wisdom)." (Encyclopedic Theosophical Glossary) The great antiquity of the Vedas is sufficiently proven by the fact that they are written in such an ancient form of Sanskrit, so different from the Sanskrit now used, that there is no other work like them in the literature of this "eldest sister" of all the known languages, as Prof. More or less closely connected with the Brahmanans (and in a few exceptional cases with the Mantra part) are two classes of treatises in prose and verse called Aranyaka and Upanishad. The Mantra or verse portion is considered more ancient than the prose works and the books in which the hymns are collected are called samhitas (collections).
The Mantra part is composed of suktas (hymns in verse) the Brahmana part consists of liturgical, ritualistic, exegetical, and mystic treatises in prose.
The Vedas are divided into two parts, the Mantra and Brahmana. The complex nature of the Vedas and the array of texts associated with them may be briefly outlined as follows: "The Rig-Veda is the original work, the Yajur-Veda and Sama-Veda in their mantric portions are different arrangements of its hymns for special purposes. The Atharvaveda derives its name from the sage Atharvan, who is represented as a Prajapati, the edlest son of Brahma, and who is said to have been the first to institute the fire-sacrifices. The name Rigveda signifies "Veda of verses," from rig, a spoken stanza Samaveda, the "Veda of chants," from saman, a song or chant Yajurveda, the "Veda of sacrificial formulas," from yajus, a sacrificial text. There were originally three Vedas-the Laws of Manu always speaks of the three, as do the oldest (Mukhya) Upanishads-but a later work called the Atharvaveda has been added to these, to now constitute the fourth. From the foreword: The Vedas (from the root vid, "to know," or "divine knowledge") are the most ancient of all the Hindu scriptures. An Index-Dictionary of Sanskrit terms has been published as a second volume: ISBN: 978-1541304079.
The texts have been proofed and all Sanskrit terms updated and synced between versions. Four of the translations are from Ralph Griffith, with the remaining (black yajur) from Arthur Keith. The present volume is an unabridged compilation of all four Vedas (Rig, White and Black Yajur, Sama and Atharva). Those interested in these may go through chapter 4 and 9.ĭownload The Vedas Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle The author has managed to collect together a lot of information about the Rgveda some of which most would not have heard about earlier. Origin of Vedas also discusses a wide range of issues related to the origin and expansion of the Indo-European language family. Apart from many cognate words that are common in all these languages, many of the stories mentioned in the Rgveda have a strong resemblance to mythologies in the other languages of the family not just to the Zoroastrian ones, but also to those of Greek, Celtic, Nordic, Slavic, Hittite and others. Vedic clearly belongs to the Indo-European language family. About fifteen of these hymns relates to cosmogony, but differing in essentials. About a fifth of the poems are prayers addressed to what could be ‘Nature Gods’. The language in which it is composed is known as ‘Vedic’, from which Sanskrit is believed to have evolved later. It is a collection of 1028 mostly unrelated hymns. This book is primarily about the Rgveda, the avowed source text of all Hindu religious texts.
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